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The second score was set up by a 48-yard pass interference penalty against cornerback Josh Robinson that made it first-and-goal from the 1. | The second score was set up by a 48-yard pass interference penalty against cornerback Josh Robinson that made it first-and-goal from the 1. | ||
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| + | == Nobel Winners Decoded How Neurons And Cells Talk To Each Oth == | ||
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| + | <html>The winners include two Americans — James Rothman of Yale University and Randy Schekman of the University of California, Berkeley — and the German-born Thomas Suedhof of Stanford University. Both Schekman and Suedhof are also investigators at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. | ||
| + | Their discoveries took place over the course of 30 years. The work got its start with a few simple experiments in cells of yeast – the same organism that leavens bread and brews beer. | ||
| + | In the 1970s, biologists already knew that cells weren't just sacks of fluid. Rather,[http://kpgroups.in/banana/Custom-Ravens-Jerseys.html <strong>Custom Ravens NFL Jerseys</strong>], they contain sophisticated highway systems that shuttle material from one compartment to the next. This cargo moves around cells in bubble-like compartments called . | ||
| + | In a healthy cell, some of these vesicles make their way to the cell's surface,[http://kpgroups.in/banana/Custom-Ravens-Jerseys.html <strong>Cheap Custom Ravens Jerseys</strong>], where the material is released outside the cell. That's one way that cells communicate with each other and with organs in the body. | ||
| + | In 1976, ,[http://qige.csdigi.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=14231 </ a>, a new professor at the University of California, Berkeley,<a href="http://www.monadire.ge/wiki/index.php/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Gqxcrfkg5#Peyton_Manning_now_has_the_second" rel="bookmark">Peyton Manning now has the second</ a>, had recently found mutant yeast cells that had faulty transport systems. The cargo just piled up at the cell's surface,<a href="http://softvent.net/restaurant.html" title="Authentic New York Jets Jerseys On Sale"><strong>Authentic New York Jets Jerseys On Sale</strong>], like cars stuck in a traffic jam. | ||
| + | By figuring out which genes were defective in these yeasts, Schekman discovered dozens of components that built and controlled the cell's transport system. | ||
| + | But there were still many pieces missing. In particular, it wasn't known how a cargo vesicle knows where to go on the cell's surface and then when to dump out its contents. | ||
| + | "Imagine hundreds of thousands of people who are traveling around hundreds of miles of streets. How are they going to find the right way? Where will the bus stop and open its doors so that people can get out?" Nobel committee secretary Goran Hansson said Monday. "There are similar problems in the cell, to find the right way ... and out to the surface of the cell."</html> | ||

